节日 · Festivals

冬至

Winter Solstice

冬至既是二十四节气中的太阳位置节点，也在许多地方形成贺冬、祭祖、团聚与节令饮食等文化实践。学习时必须分开天文定义、北半球昼夜变化、气候与当天实况，以及不同地区的节日记忆。

The Winter Solstice is both a solar-position marker within the Twenty-Four Solar Terms and, in many places, an occasion for seasonal greetings, remembrance, reunion and foodways. Study must separate the astronomical definition, Northern Hemisphere daylight, climate and current weather from regionally varied festival memory.

地区
中国多地，节气知识由黄河流域发展并逐步广泛应用Many regions of China; solar-term knowledge developed in the Yellow River reaches and spread widely
时代
古代节气知识与节日实践长期演变至今Ancient seasonal knowledge and festival practices continuing through long change
阅读
11 分钟2 项来源

VERIFIED NOTES

可核查要点

  • UNESCO把二十四节气说明为依据太阳周年运动划分的二十四个时间段，2016年列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录；冬至是其中一项，不能脱离整个循环单独代表全部节气知识。
  • 中国气象局资料把太阳运行至黄经270度作为冬至节点，并说明北半球在冬至迎来全年白昼最短、正午太阳高度最低的时段；这不等于全球各地昼夜相同，也不等于冬至必定是全年最冷一天。
  • 同一资料列举贺冬、祭祖、饺子、汤圆、赤豆饭、年糕和地方面食等多条路径。气象定义相对统一，节日实践却具有地区、家庭与时代差异。

01

历史坐标

Historical context

冬至既是二十四节气中的太阳位置节点，也在许多地方形成贺冬、祭祖、团聚与节令饮食等文化实践。学习时必须分开天文定义、北半球昼夜变化、气候与当天实况，以及不同地区的节日记忆。

The Winter Solstice is both a solar-position marker within the Twenty-Four Solar Terms and, in many places, an occasion for seasonal greetings, remembrance, reunion and foodways. Study must separate the astronomical definition, Northern Hemisphere daylight, climate and current weather from regionally varied festival memory.

02

核心看点

What to notice

研究冬至可以画三条并行线：第一条记录太阳位置与昼长，第二条记录当地长期气候和当日天气，第三条记录家庭或地方的节俗与食品。每条证据都写明地点、年份、发布者和单位；不要把古代阴阳解释当成现代天文测量，也不要用一碗饺子或汤圆划分简单的南北边界。

Study the Winter Solstice with three parallel lines: solar position and daylight; local climate and current weather; and household or regional customs and foods. Record place, year, publisher and units for each source. Do not substitute historical cosmological explanation for modern measurement, or draw a simple north-south boundary from one bowl of dumplings or tangyuan.

03

延续与学习

Continuity and learning

二十四节气今天仍用于农业、教育、节庆、博物馆与日常时间表达。学习者应区分文化遗产价值、可验证的天文数据、气象预报与个人体验；日出日落、温度、降雪、交通、祭扫规定、餐馆菜单和活动开放信息都需要查询具体地点与日期。

The Twenty-Four Solar Terms remain present in agriculture, education, festivals, museums and everyday time language. Learners should distinguish heritage value, verifiable astronomical data, weather forecasts and personal experience. Sunrise, sunset, temperature, snow, transport, memorial rules, menus and event access all require a specific place and date.

SOURCES

出处与延伸阅读

  1. 1. The Twenty-Four Solar Terms, knowledge in China of time and practices developed through observation of the sun's annual motion

    UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · 发布 2016-11-30 · 访问 2026-08-02

  2. 2. 二十四节气·冬至

    中国气象局 · 访问 2026-08-02

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